Canada is a top-rank immigrant country in two ways: it has an agency tasked to thoughtfully plan and oversee the economic and social impact of immigration, and it has a relatively very high rate of immigration. Its permanent immigration flow is, proportional to the U.S. three times as high as the U.S.

It has a Minister of Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship (Marc Miller) and the Ministry regularly issues a plan. Here is the announcement of the 2024-2025.

Miller is stabilizing permanent immigration at 500,000 while cutting back temporary visa issuance.  The publicly stated reason is to ease a crisis in housing availability and costs

He plans to reduce the number of temporary residents to 5% of the population, down from the current 6.2%.

It is exceptionally hard to estimate the number of temporary visa holders in the U.S. Including students enrolled in degree granting schools, I guess that the number of such visa holders might be less than 2% of the U.S. population.

Canada’s cut back will affect students, workers and asylum seekers.  Temporary worker rolls will decline by 20-30%.

There are now 2.5 million temporary residents in Canada, up from about one million in 2021.